Using xeriscape rock is one of the most effective ways to replace high-water turf with a durable, low-maintenance landscape built for Denver’s semi-arid conditions. As water restrictions increase and utility costs rise, many homeowners are turning to rock-based designs to create attractive yards that require significantly less irrigation.
This guide explains:
The best rock types for Denver properties
How to design and install a rock-based xeriscape properly
Typical cost ranges in the Denver metro area
Whether you are converting your entire yard or updating a smaller section, selecting and installing xeriscape rocks correctly will help you avoid costly mistakes and create a landscape that performs well long term.
Types of Xeriscape Rocks
Not all rock materials perform equally in xeriscape applications. Stability, heat retention, and compatibility with plants all matter.
River Rock
Available in sizes from 1–6 inches, river rock has a smooth, rounded appearance that works well in naturalistic designs, dry creek beds, and around water features. However, because it is rounded, it can shift on slopes.
Pea Gravel
Pea gravel (¼–⅜ inch) works well for pathways and tight planting spaces. It is affordable and visually soft but migrates easily under foot traffic and requires defined edging to stay contained.
Crushed Granite and Crushed Stone
Angular crushed stone locks together, creating a stable surface ideal for slopes and high-traffic areas. Decomposed granite compacts into a firm walking surface, while ¾-inch crushed stone offers strong drainage and erosion resistance.
Decorative Gravel
Options such as lava rock, slate chips, and specialty gravels provide bold color and modern texture. Lava rock is lightweight and available in red or black, though darker materials may fade over time.
Boulders and Cobble
Larger stones (8 inches and above) serve as structural elements and focal points. Moss rock boulders and fieldstone cobble define planting zones and add vertical interest.
Choosing the Right Rock Size
Rock size affects both performance and appearance.
Small rock (¼–1 inch) provides fine texture but shifts easily and requires edging.
Medium rock (1–3 inches) is the most versatile option for Denver yards. It resists wind displacement, installs easily, and promotes airflow around plant crowns.
Large rock (3–6 inches or more) offers maximum stability for slopes and erosion-prone areas while requiring less overall depth.
Rock Color, Heat, and Plant Health
In Denver’s intense sun, rock color directly affects soil temperature.
Light-colored rock (tan, beige, gray) reflects heat and keeps soil cooler. It works best in full-sun areas and near heat-sensitive plants.
Dark-colored rock (charcoal, deep red, black) absorbs heat. While this can stress plants in summer, it may help melt snow faster in winter or warm cooler microclimates.
Many well-designed xeriscapes use lighter rock in sunny zones and darker accents in shaded areas.
Designing a Balanced Xeriscape
Avoid Rock-Only Landscapes
A common mistake is installing rock without sufficient plant material. Large expanses of rock increase heat, reduce visual interest, and may cause drainage problems.
A balanced Denver xeriscape typically includes:
40–60% rock coverage
30–40% drought-tolerant plantings
10–20% accent features such as boulders or pathways
Native grasses, shrubs like rabbitbrush, and perennials such as penstemon soften rock areas and provide seasonal color.
Layering Rock for Depth
Professional designs often use multiple layers:
Base layer: ½–¾ inch crushed stone for drainage and weed suppression
Primary rock layer: 1–2 inch rock at 2–3 inches deep
Accent boulders: Partially buried to create natural focal points
Layering adds dimension and prevents flat, monotonous surfaces.
Front Yard vs. Backyard Design
Front yards should emphasize curb appeal with cohesive colors, defined pathways, and at least 40% plant coverage.
Backyards can allow more experimentation, larger gathering spaces, and additional drainage planning where slopes exist.
How to Install Xeriscape Rock Properly
Step 1: Plan Drainage and Layout
Identify slopes and water flow before beginning. Denver’s clay soil sheds water quickly, so grading and drainage planning are essential.
Step 2: Remove Turf and Prepare Soil
Remove sod using a cutter, herbicide, or solarization. Ensure the finished grade slopes away from your foundation at 2–3%.
Step 3: Install Heavy-Duty Landscape Fabric
Use woven, permeable fabric designed for longevity. Avoid plastic sheeting, which blocks drainage and deteriorates quickly.
Step 4: Apply Rock at Proper Depth
Spread rock 2–3 inches deep. One ton of rock covers roughly 100 square feet at 2 inches. Increase depth in drainage areas.
Step 5: Install Edging
Steel or stone edging keeps rock contained and prevents migration into lawns and walkways.
Xeriscape Rock Costs in Denver
Material pricing varies by type:
Pea gravel: $35–$55 per ton
Crushed granite: $40–$65 per ton
River rock: $50–$90 per ton
Lava rock: $60–$100 per ton
Bulk delivery is significantly more cost-effective than bagged materials for large areas.
Professional installation in Denver typically ranges from $3–$7 per square foot, depending on grading, drainage needs, and material selection.
Conclusion
When properly planned and installed, xeriscape rock can reduce water use by up to 70–90% while creating a clean, modern landscape suited to Denver’s climate. Success depends on choosing the correct rock type, managing heat exposure, ensuring proper drainage, and balancing rock with plant material.
Whether you tackle a small section yourself or hire professionals for a full-yard conversion, understanding the fundamentals of xeriscape rock design will help you create a landscape that is both beautiful and built to last.
Mile High Lifescape proudly serves the Denver metro area with professional xeriscape rock installation and water-wise landscape design.
Call (303) 877-9091 or email hello@milehighlifescape.com to schedule a free consultation for your xeriscape project.
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